Convention signed for the first time at the Earth Summit, in Rio de Janeiro, in 1992, the United Nations (UN) Conference on Biodiversity (COP 15 – acronym in English for Conference of Parties), aims to protect and preserve the Earth's natural resources, through the sustainable use of biodiversity and its equal distribution of benefits from natural resources. Held this December, from the 7th to the 19th, the unfolding of events was a global focus, due to the fact that during the last few years, few actions followed the agreed terms.
Headquartered in Montreal, Canada, and chaired by China, COP15 ended with a historic agreement to stop the destruction of biodiversity and its resources. With more than 190 nations gathered, the adoption of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) was agreed upon. Global Biodiversity Framework), whose objective is to protect lands, oceans and species from pollution, degradation and the climate crisis.
At the GBF, the main point is to unite the countries present for the protection of 30% of the planet until 2030, in addition to aiming at unlocking US$ 30 billion in annual aid for conservation in developing countries. The Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme, Inger Andersen, emphasized the importance of following through on the objectives: “Success will be measured by our rapid and consistent progress in implementing what we have agreed. The entire UN system is geared towards supporting this implementation, so that we can truly make peace with nature,” he said.
Formulated with four overarching goals for environmental protection, the processes include:
- the management of natural resources of biodiversity;
- preventing the extinction of threatened species by up to 10 times by the year 2050;
- the sharing of resources and benefits among all agreed parties.
Projects that will be implemented through changes in means of use, formats for sustainable energy, preservation of natural and environmental environments and much more. The historic framework of changes brought hope to the agreed countries and praise for the format of strategies that has been developed and will come into force from 2023.
“Together, we took a historic step”, praised Steven Guilbeault, Minister of the Environment of Canada, the country that hosted the United Nations conference. With a global structure, COP 15 proposed, in accordance with its previous objectives, an ambitious plan that implements broad actions in all sectors, addressing the main drivers of nature loss and forwards agreements that could ensure, by 2050, the shared vision to live in harmony with nature.
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